Booklet on Swachh Bharat Mission-Grameen

About Dataset

This booklet presents the Swachh Bharat Mission Grameen (SBM-G) as a programme for improving rural sanitation through behaviour change, community participation, toilet construction and usage, and Solid and Liquid Waste Management. It explains the background and need for the Mission, noting the low sanitation coverage and rural population without toilet facilities before 2014. It describes the limitations of earlier sanitation programmes and highlights the shift towards a demand-driven, behaviour change based approach. The Mission was launched as a national campaign with the objective of ending open defecation, improving sanitation coverage and mobilising people through a Jan Andolan. The booklet records that Phase I resulted in all villages, States and Union Territories declaring themselves Open Defecation Free by 2 October 2019, supported by toilet construction and community mobilisation. The booklet describes the programme implementation framework and the importance of leadership and participation at Central, State, district and Gram Panchayat levels. Swachhagrahis are presented as grassroots motivators who mobilised communities for toilet construction, usage and sustained sanitation behaviour. Women, children, youth, community organisations, religious groups, elected representatives, media, celebrities and private sector organisations are described as contributors to the sanitation movement. Information, Education and Communication activities, campaigns, social media, technology and monitoring through the SBM-G dashboard and Integrated Management Information System supported awareness generation and programme monitoring. The booklet also highlights geotagging of toilets, annual surveys, community mobilisation and convergence among government departments as mechanisms used to strengthen implementation. A separate section explains twin pit toilet technology as an affordable and suitable sanitation option for rural areas. The technology uses two pits alternately connected to a toilet through a junction chamber. When one pit becomes full, it is closed and the second pit is used. The contents of the closed pit undergo natural decomposition and can subsequently be recovered as safe, odourless manure for agricultural and horticultural use. The booklet also describes financial resources provided under SBM-G, including the provision of financial incentives for toilet construction and the public investment made during the programme period. It connects the Mission with Sustainable Development Goal 6.2 and presents reported results and impacts, including toilet construction, village ODF declarations, participation in behaviour change campaigns, sanitation access and improvements in cleanliness, hygiene, dignity and quality of life. The booklet concludes by describing the transition from ODF achievement towards ODF Plus and cleanliness. Phase II focuses on sustaining ODF status and strengthening Solid and Liquid Waste Management, with convergence of funding from government programmes, Finance Commission grants, MGNREGS, CSR and other sources. It discusses the Waste to Wealth approach and initiatives for greywater management, faecal sludge management, single-use plastic waste management and animal waste management. Emphasis is given to GOBARDhan, launched to promote village cleanliness and convert cattle and organic waste into biogas, energy and organic manure while supporting rural livelihoods. The booklet therefore serves as a reference document on the evolution, implementation, achievements and priorities of SBM-G, from eliminating open defecation to establishing sustainable sanitation, waste management and ODF Plus outcomes across rural India.